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Elevated levels of serum IgE can be indicative of various conditions. Common clinically important causes include allergies (e.g., asthma, hay fever), parasitic infections, atopic dermatitis, and certain autoimmune disorders.
Allergy is the most common cause.
Although an elevated total IgE may indicate that the patient has an atopic condition, it provides no information about which condition or to what allergens the patient is sensitive.
Low levels of total serum IgE cannot be used to exclude the presence of atopic disease, because of the wide overlap in total serum IgE among atopic and nonatopic populations. Patients with low or normal serum IgE levels could still have local production of allergen-specific IgE in the tissues or a high ratio of allergen-specific to total IgE. Serum IgE is also tested in
evaluation of patients with moderate-to-severe allergic asthma to determine eligibility for treatment with anti-IgE therapy (ie, omalizumab).
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